Researchers in Toronto have found that following a low-calorie diet may harm mental health. A recent study published in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health examined how restrictive diets could trigger depressive symptoms.
The study analyzed data from nearly 29,000 adults who reported their eating habits and completed mental health questionnaires as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. About 8% of these adults showed signs of depression.
The results showed that adults on calorie-restrictive diets, including those who were overweight, experienced more severe depressive symptoms than those who did not follow any special diet. People on nutrient-restricted diets had an even greater increase in symptoms. The study also found that men following any diet showed higher physical symptoms linked to depression compared to non-dieters.
The researchers highlighted the possible effects of popular diets on depression and emphasized the need for diet advice tailored to a person’s body mass index (BMI) and sex.
Judith S. Beck, PhD, president of the Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy, commented on the study in an interview with Fox News Digital. She noted that the study only showed a link between low-calorie diets and depression but did not prove one caused the other. Beck stressed that having some depressive symptoms does not necessarily mean a person has clinical depression. Other emotional, cognitive, or behavioral factors may also contribute directly to these symptoms.
Certified holistic nutritionist Robin DeCicco from New York City said most Americans would benefit from losing weight, as 70% are overweight or obese according to the CDC. She suggested cutting back on sugary drinks and processed foods, and adding more whole foods like lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and nuts.
DeCicco warned against fad diets, saying they are often unsustainable and do not teach people about the nutrients needed for mental and physical health. This, she explained, could explain why some people experience depressive or cognitive symptoms while dieting.
She also pointed out the importance of food quality. Cutting out high-fat foods such as avocado, olive oil, and salmon can mean missing out on essential nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids. These fats help reduce inflammation, support brain health, and improve mood.
DeCicco advised that people with a history of cognitive decline or depression should pay special attention to including these nutrient-rich foods when trying to lose weight.
Beck agreed on the need for healthy eating and also recommended cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). She said CBT can help people develop skills to eat better and change their thinking, supporting long-term healthy habits and overall well-being.
The study researchers have been contacted for comment.
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