Blood pressure (BP) is the force of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries. It is measured using two numbers: systolic pressure (the higher number) and diastolic pressure (the lower number). Systolic pressure measures the force when the heart beats, while diastolic pressure measures the force when the heart rests between beats.
Normal Blood Pressure Levels
According to the American Heart Association, normal blood pressure for adults is below 120/80 mm Hg. Readings between 120-129 systolic and less than 80 diastolic are considered elevated. Hypertension Stage 1 is 130-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic, and Stage 2 is 140 or higher systolic or 90 or higher diastolic. A hypertensive crisis is when the systolic is over 180 and/or diastolic over 120, requiring immediate medical attention.
Factors Influencing Blood Pressure
Several factors can influence blood pressure, including age, gender, weight, physical activity, diet, stress levels, and underlying health conditions. For instance, blood pressure tends to increase with age due to the stiffening of arteries. Men are more likely to have higher blood pressure than women until age 64, after which women are more prone to hypertension.
Blood Pressure by Age
While the ideal blood pressure is below 120/80 mm Hg for adults, normal ranges can vary with age. For example, children and teenagers have lower normal ranges compared to adults. It’s important to consult healthcare providers to understand what is normal for specific age groups.
Importance of Regular Monitoring
High blood pressure often has no symptoms, making regular monitoring essential. Regular check-ups can help detect hypertension early, allowing for timely intervention. Home monitoring devices are also available for individuals to keep track of their blood pressure.
Maintaining Healthy Blood Pressure
Maintaining a healthy blood pressure involves lifestyle changes such as:
- Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products.
- Reducing salt intake.
- Engaging in regular physical activity.
- Maintaining a healthy weight.
- Limiting alcohol consumption.
- Managing stress effectively.
- Quitting smoking.
For more information on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, refer to our Healthy Diet guide.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you experience symptoms like severe headaches, chest pain, shortness of breath, or vision problems, it’s crucial to seek medical attention immediately, as these could be signs of a hypertensive crisis.
Conclusion
Understanding and maintaining normal blood pressure is vital for overall health. Regular monitoring, a healthy lifestyle, and timely medical consultations can help manage and prevent hypertension.
Related topics:
What’s Diastolic Blood Pressure
What’s Normal Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate
What’s Normal Blood Pressure and Oxygen Levels
